LED Display Screen Power Consumption Analysis
Heat Dissipation and Power Consumption of the Display Screen
LED screens generate heat during operation. There's an industry-standard method for estimating their heat dissipation and power consumption:
The photoelectric conversion efficiency of an LED screen is approximately 20%-30%, meaning that its "total heat dissipation" accounts for about 70% of the screen's total power consumption. However, not all of this heat remains inside the screen-some dissipates to the outside, leaving approximately 50% of the total power consumption inside the screen.
For example, an outdoor LED screen with an average power consumption of 450 watts per square meter and an area of 50 square meters has a "total average power consumption" of 450 watts/square meter × 50 square meters = 22.5 kilowatts. Assuming "internal heat dissipation accounts for 50% of the total power consumption," the screen will generate 22.5 kilowatts × 50% = 11 kilowatts of heat (this doesn't even include the additional heat from sunlight).
However, it's important to note that this 11 kW internal heat dissipation capacity cannot be directly used to select an air conditioner. This is because the internal space of an outdoor LED screen is different from that of a regular room-its internal passageway width is only 0.8-1 meter, much smaller than the height of a typical residential room (2.8-3 meters), and the space volume is naturally smaller, resulting in a different cooling effect for the air conditioner inside.
Air Conditioning Configuration for Outdoor Display Screens
First, let's clarify a key characteristic: the internal space of an outdoor LED screen is small, so the cooling capacity of an air conditioner is approximately three times stronger than in a regular room.
Let's remember some basic data: in a regular room, a 1P air conditioner has a cooling capacity of 2500 watts, and a 1.5P air conditioner has 3500 watts. Inside an LED screen, a 1P air conditioner would be equivalent to 2500 watts x 3 = 7500 watts, and a 1.5P air conditioner would be equivalent to 3500 watts x 3 = 10500 watts, effectively doubling the cooling effect.
So how exactly do you choose an air conditioner? Actually, it can be calculated in 3 steps. Let's take the previous example of a 50-square-meter LED screen and explain it step by step:
Step 1: Calculate the heat dissipation Q inside the screen.
The formula can be used directly: Q = Average power consumption per square meter × Display area × 0.5. For example, for a 50-square-meter screen, if each square meter consumes 450 watts, then Q = 450 watts / square meter × 50 square meters × 0.5 = 11,000 watts, which is 11 kilowatts (the same as the previous calculation).
Step 2: Calculate the "benchmark value" Q/3
Because the cooling capacity of the air conditioner inside the screen is increased by 3 times, the internal heat dissipation Q needs to be divided by 3 to obtain a "comparison benchmark value".
Using the previous example: Q = 11 kW, then Q/3 ≈ 3.6 kW (or 3600 watts). This value needs to be compared with the "cooling capacity of an air conditioner in a normal room"-for example, 1P is 2500 watts, and 1.5P is 3500 watts-to initially select the specifications.
Step 3: Select an air conditioner with a cooling capacity 40%-50% larger than Q/3. Sunlight will add extra heat to the screen, so the total cooling capacity of the selected air conditioners must be 40%-50% larger than Q/3.
For example, with the previous 3600 watts, selecting two 1P air conditioners (2500 watts each) would result in a total cooling capacity of 2500 watts × 2 = 5000 watts. 5000 watts is exactly 40% larger than 3600 watts, which is more than enough to meet your needs.
Finally, here's a little-known fact: the "horsepower" of air conditioners on the market corresponds to a fixed amount of cooling capacity. There are six common specifications, which you can refer to when choosing one：
|
air conditioner horsepower |
Cooling capacity (watts) for a typical room |
|
1 match |
2500 |
|
1.5 match |
3500 |
|
2 match |
5000 |
|
2.5 match |
6000 |
|
3 match |
7000 |
|
5 match |
12000 |
It's crucial to distinguish here: "Cooling capacity" is not the power consumption of the air conditioner, but rather the total heat that the air conditioner can "draw away" from the LED screen per hour. Therefore, when calculating air conditioner specifications, both the internal heat dissipation of the screen and the cooling capacity of the air conditioner must be considered to ensure that the selected air conditioner is adequate and not wasteful.
Experience in heat dissipation of display screen fans
Calculation Method: Hourly heat dissipation = Structural area x Structural thickness x Exhaust frequency;
Number of fans = Hourly heat dissipation / Fan exhaust volume
Example: A project involves a 200 square meter outdoor full-color display screen with a structural thickness of 0.8m. How should fan cooling be configured?
Configuration as follows:
Fan cooling system:
Hourly heat dissipation = Structural area x Structural thickness x Exhaust frequency
= 200 x 0.8 x 100 = 16000 m³;
Number of fans = Hourly heat dissipation / Fan exhaust volume
= 16000 ÷ 5300 ≈ 3 units
Air cooling principles: Based on site conditions, first consider vertical convection, then horizontal convection. Vertical convection only requires installing axial fans on top and opening sufficient air inlets at the bottom; horizontal convection requires installing corresponding axial fans on both sides, allowing air to enter from one side and exit from the other.
The internal space of the screen should not be too large, preferably between 60-80cm; too large a space will actually hinder heat dissipation.
